The war began on October 7, 2023, when Hamas, the Palestinian Islamist group that controls the Gaza Strip, launched a surprise attack on Israel from multiple directions.
Hamas claimed that it fired 5,000 rockets from Gaza towards southern and central Israel, including Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
The rocket barrage was intended to cover a ground infiltration by Hamas gunmen, who crossed the border through breaches in the security fence. Some of the gunmen also used powered parachutes and motorboats to enter Israeli territory.
Hamas said that the attack was aimed at liberating Jerusalem’s al-Aqsa mosque compound, a holy site for both Muslims and Jews, which had seen an increase in Jewish visitors during the Jewish high holidays.
Hamas also called on Palestinians in the West Bank and within Israel to join the attack.
Israel declared a state of war and mobilized its army reserves to counter the attack. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) said that it was facing an unprecedented hostage crisis, as Hamas fighters entered several Israeli towns and villages near the Gaza border, killing civilians and soldiers.
The IDF also said that it was engaging Hezbollah militants in the north, who were launching rockets from Lebanon. Israel responded with air strikes against Hamas targets in Gaza, as well as ground operations to clear the infiltrators. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu vowed to “destroy Hamas” and said that Israel was "embarking on a long and difficult war".
The war has resulted in heavy casualties on both sides. According to the latest reports, at least 250 Israeli citizens have been killed and more than 1,500 wounded by rocket fire and gunfire.
The IDF said that it had killed more than 200 Hamas fighters and captured dozens more. In Gaza, at least 232 Palestinians have been killed and 1,700 wounded by Israeli air strikes and artillery fire.
The United Nations and other international organizations have expressed concern over the humanitarian situation in Gaza, which is already under a blockade by Israel and Egypt. They have also called for an immediate ceasefire and a political solution to end the conflict.
The war has also sparked protests and clashes in other parts of the region and the world. In the West Bank, Palestinians have staged demonstrations and confrontations with Israeli forces, resulting in several deaths and injuries.
In Israel, Arab citizens have rioted and attacked Jewish properties and synagogues, while Jewish extremists have assaulted Arab residents and mosques.
In Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Turkey, Iran, and other countries, thousands of people have taken to the streets to show solidarity with the Palestinians and condemn Israel’s actions. Some of these protests have turned violent and led to clashes with security forces.
The war has also drawn international reactions and interventions. The United States, Israel’s main ally, has expressed support for Israel’s right to defend itself but also urged restraint and de-escalation.
The US has also sent envoys to the region to mediate between the parties and facilitate a ceasefire. The European Union, Russia, China, and other major powers have also called for an end to hostilities and a resumption of peace talks.
The Arab League, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, and other regional blocs have condemned Israel’s aggression and demanded its withdrawal from occupied Palestinian territories.
The UN Security Council has held several emergency meetings to discuss the crisis but has failed to issue a unified statement or resolution due to disagreements among its members.
The war is still ongoing as of October 8, 2023, with no signs of a breakthrough or a halt in violence. Both sides have claimed victories and vowed to continue fighting until their goals are achieved.
The prospects for a lasting peace seem dimmer than ever as the region faces another cycle of bloodshed and destruction.
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